a continuing or unresolved motivational conflict, thwarting circumstances rather than their consequences; results of obstacles, deficiencies or conflict; immediate consequences of frustration
symptoms or signs of frustration:
1. restlessness
a. excess of movement
b. fidgeting (druk, gejaagd)
c. whimpering (dreinen)
d. sighing (zuchten)
e. complaining (klagen)
2. tension
a. blushing (blozen)
b. trembling (trillen)
c. clenching fist (vuist maken)
d. thumb-sucking
e. nail-biting
f. smoking
g. chewing gum
3. aggression
a. kicking
b. knocking
c. hostile attack
direct vs indirect = displaced aggression
4. destructiveness
a. breaking
b. destroying
5. apathy
a. indifference
b. withdrawal
c. inactivity
d. inattentiveness
6. fantasy
escape into a dream world
a. reciting nursery rhymes
b. pin-up girls
7. stereotypy
a. reward (positive reinforcement)
b. punishment (negative reinforcement)
discrimination vs frustration experiment
8. regression
a. retrogression
b. primitivation
